This article examines the relationship between the recent discoveries of hydrocarbon resources in the Eastern Mediterranean and the resolution of the long-standing division of Cyprus. The relationship is examined from two different perspectives: whether the findings can become a catalyst to resolving the problem, and conversely whether a possible resolution can provide the impetus for regional cooperation on the basis of energy-related considerations. We argue that, while both causal pathways would result in positive consequences both on a bilateral and a regional level, it is unlikely that either will be achieved as a result of the complicated security relations and negotiating framework among the relevant regional actors.